DESCRIPTION:

strstream Class- A stringstream associates a string object with a stream that allows us to read from the string as if it were a stream (like cin). This class describes an object that controls insertion and extraction of elements and encoded objects using a stream buffer of class strstreambuf. Stringstream class is extremely useful in parsing input.

The Stringstream has different methods. These are like below %u2212

clear(): Used to clear the stream

str(): To get and set the string object whose content is present in stream

operator << : This will add one string into the stringstream

operator >> : This is used to read from a stringstream object.

 

This class has 4 member functions. They are:

freeze	Causes a stream buffer to be unavailable through stream buffer operations.
pcount	Returns a count of the number of elements written to the controlled sequence.
rdbuf	Returns a pointer to the stream's associated strstreambuf object.
str	Calls freeze, and then returns a pointer to the beginning of the controlled sequence.

 

Thus the function str of stringstrream returns the pointer to the beginning of the buffer, after freezing it and effectively calls rdbuf() -> str().

Declaration:  

char* str() ;

 

Parameters: 

s

This function accepts a string object, whose content is copied.

Return Value:

It returns a string object with a copy of the current contents in the stream buffer i.e a pointer to the beginning of the buffer in the associated std::strstreambuf or a null pointer if no buffer is available.

Note:

Before a call to str() that uses the result as a C string, the stream buffer must be null-terminated. Regular output such as with stream << 1.2 does not store a null terminator, it must be appended explicitly, typically with the manipulator std::ends.

After a call to str(), dynamic streams become frozen. A call to freeze (false) is required before exiting the scope in which this strstream object was created. Otherwise the destructor will leak memory. Also, additional output to a frozen stream may be truncated once it reaches the end of the allocated buffer, which may leave the buffer not null-terminated.

 

Exceptions:

Basic Guarantee- The object is in a valid state, if an exception is thrown.

 

Data Races:

Accesses form 1 or modifies form 2 the stringstream object. Concurrent access to the same object may cause data races.

Program 1: Example of stringstream::str function:

 

#include <string>

#include <iostream>

#include <sstream>

 

using namespace std;

 

int main ()

{

      std::stringstream ss;

       ss.str (" Welcome to cppsecrets ");

       std::string s = ss.str();

       std::cout << s << '\n';

 

       return 0;

 

} 

 

Output:  Welcome to cppsecrets